Leonardo and the Camera Obscura
نویسنده
چکیده
If Leonardo's studies of the camera obscura stand in a well established tradition, they remain important for at least three reasons. One is their sheer quantity: there are no less than 270 diagrams of camera obscuras in Leonardo's notebooks. Second, he uses it to demonstrate a wide range of optical principles: inversion of images, non-interference, images all in all, intensity of light and shade and contrary motion. A third reason for their importance is the method they reveal. Whereas his mediaeval predecessors had considered only isolated examples, Leonardo explores a series of cases, systematically altering the shape and number of apertures, as a result of which he makes analogies with the eye. This essay outlines the range of his camera obscura studies and the systematic approach these involve.
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